What Are Tics and Tourette Syndrome?
Tics are sudden, involuntary movements or sounds. Tourette Syndrome is a neurological disorder characterized by both motor and vocal tics that persist for more than a year and begin before age 18.
What Causes Tics?
Exact causes are not fully understood, but contributing factors include:
- Genetics
- Imbalances in neurotransmitters like dopamine
- Brain structure abnormalities
- Environmental stressors
Common Symptoms
- Motor Tics: Eye blinking, head jerking, shoulder shrugging
- Vocal Tics: Grunting, throat clearing, sniffing, repeating words
- Complex Tics: Involving coordinated movements or verbal outbursts
- Symptoms may worsen with stress or excitement
How Are Tics Diagnosed?
- Clinical observation and history
- Neurological examination
- Exclusion of other disorders via MRI or EEG
- Behavioral assessment for associated ADHD, OCD, or anxiety
Treatment Options
- Behavioral Therapy (CBIT – Comprehensive Behavioral Intervention for Tics)
- Medications: Dopamine blockers or alpha agonists
- Counseling and stress management
- Educational support for school-related issues
FAQs
Q. Are tics dangerous?
A. No, they are usually harmless but may affect confidence and social life.
Q. Do tics go away?
A. Many children outgrow them by adolescence. Some may persist.
Q. Should we avoid certain foods?
A. No proven dietary triggers, but healthy routines help.
Consult Dr. Neelu Desai – Pediatric Neurologist, Mumbai
022 67668181 / 022 45108181