What is Migraine in Children?
Migraines are intense, recurring headaches that can affect children as young as 3–5 years old. Unlike common headaches, migraines are often accompanied by nausea, vomiting, and sensitivity to light and sound. They can interfere with daily activities, academics, and emotional wellbeing.
What Causes Migraines in Children?
Migraines are believed to be caused by abnormal brain activity affecting nerve signals, chemicals, and blood vessels. Triggers may include:
- Stress or anxiety
- Skipped meals
- Lack of sleep or irregular sleep schedule
- Dehydration
- Bright lights or loud noises
- Certain foods (e.g., chocolate, cheese)
- Family history of migraines
Symptoms of Pediatric Migraine
Migraines in children may present differently than in adults. Common symptoms include:
- Throbbing or pulsating headache (often bilateral)
- Sensitivity to light and sound
- Nausea or vomiting
- Dizziness
- Mood changes
- Abdominal pain
- Aura (visual disturbances like flashing lights)
How is Migraine Diagnosed?
Diagnosis is primarily clinical, based on history and symptoms. Your doctor may recommend:
- Neurological Examination
- MRI or CT Scan (to rule out structural causes if symptoms are atypical)
- Headache Diary (to identify patterns and triggers)
Treatment for Migraine in Children
Treatment focuses on prevention and symptom relief:
- Lifestyle Modifications:
- Regular sleep and meals
- Stress management
- Staying hydrated
- Medications:
- Pain relievers: Acetaminophen or ibuprofen
- Triptans (in older children under guidance)
- Preventive medications if migraines are frequent
- Biofeedback & Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)
FAQs About Pediatric Migraines
Q. Are migraines common in children?
A. Yes, about 10% of school-aged children experience migraines.
Q. Can stress cause migraines?
A. Yes, stress is a common trigger, especially during exams or emotional changes.
Q. Are migraines a sign of a brain tumor?
A. Not typically. However, new or severe headaches should always be evaluated by a specialist.
When to See a Pediatric Neurologist?
If your child has frequent or severe headaches, experiences visual changes, or has difficulty functioning due to migraine symptoms, a pediatric neurologist can help with accurate diagnosis and treatment.
Contact Dr. Neelu Desai
Child Neurologist, P. D. Hinduja Hospital
Mumbai | 022 67668181 / 022 45108181